WASHINGTON -- As he rounds out his first 100 days in office, U.S. President Joe Biden's focus on reining in the coronavirus during the early months of his administration seems to have paid off: He can check off nearly all his campaign promises centred on the pandemic.
Biden has delivered on a number of his biggest campaign pledges focused on climate change and the economy as well. But some issues have proved to be tougher for the administration -- including immigration, where Biden is grappling with how to enact promised reforms in the face of a steep increase in unaccompanied minors seeking to cross the border. On some of his promises, Biden is waiting for Congress to act.
Where Biden stands on some of his key promises:
IMMIGRATION
-- Raise refugee cap to 125,000, up from the 15,000 set by President Donald Trump.
Nowhere close. The White House first said it would stick to Trump's 15,000 cap due to "humanitarian concerns." After facing backlash from Democrats, it shifted gears and said Biden would increase the historically low cap on refugees set by Trump -- but probably not all the way to the 62,500 that Biden previously had planned. And the numbers actually admitted this year are likely to be closer to 15,000.
-- Surge humanitarian resources to the border and encourage public-private partnerships to deal with an increase in migration there.
Yes, but is it enough? The Department of Homeland Security has deployed the Federal Emergency Management Agency to help deal with the crisis a major increase of border arrivals, and Biden signed an executive order asking officials to prepare plans for using humanitarian resources there. He has yet to establish any new public-private partnerships. The largest number of unaccompanied children ever at the border created massive overcrowding at Customs and Border Protection facilities and set off a mad scramble for temporary space at convention centres, military bases and other large venues.
-- Reform the U.S. asylum system.
Incomplete. Biden signed an executive order in February directing his officials to craft a strategy for migration, including refugees and asylum seekers. Biden has promised to unveil a new "humane" asylum system but he and his aides have been mum on timing and offered no specifics. He's eliminated some Trump-era policies, like a requirement that new asylum seekers to wait in Mexico. But he has kept a controversial Trump-era policy that allows Customs and Border Protection to expel undocumented migrants to avoid the spread of COVID-19. And Biden has yet to articulate a plan to manage asylum flows beyond proposing that billions of dollars be spent to address root causes in Central America.
-- Deliver a comprehensive immigration reform bill to Congress within his first 100 days.
Done.
-- End travel restrictions on people from a number of Muslim-majority countries.
Done.
-- Reverse Trump-era order expanding criteria for deporting immigrants and return to Obama-era principle of prioritizing deportations of immigrants posing a national security, border security or public health risk.
Done.
-- Stop funding and building the border wall.
Done.
-- Reverse Trump's public charge rule discouraging immigrants from using public benefits.
Done.
-- Restore the Obama-era principle of deporting foreigners who are seen as posing a national security threat or who have committed crimes in addition to the crime of illegal entry.
Done.
-- Freeze deportations for 100 days.
Attempted, but blocked in court.
-- Streamline and improve the naturalization process for green card holders.
In progress. Biden signed an executive order in February ordering a plan to improve the naturalization process, and the Department of Homeland Security has since revoked some Trump-era rules, sought public input into naturalization barriers and reverted to a 2008 version of the U.S. civics test for applicants, considered more accessible than the Trump-era revamp.
-- End family separation and create task force to reunite families separated at the border.
In progress. Biden signed executive orders ending the policy and establishing a task force focused on reuniting families. The task force is making slow progress as it pores over thousands of records.
-- Order a review of Temporary Protected Status.
No review has been ordered, but Biden's Department of Homeland Security has granted TPS for Venezuelans and Burmese, extended it for Syrians and extended a related program for Liberians.
-- Convene a regional meeting of leaders, including officials from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Canada, to address the factors driving migration and propose a regional resettlement solution.
Not yet. Vice-President Kamala Harris, tasked with dealing with the root causes of migration, has spoken to the leaders of Mexico and Guatemala, but no regional meeting is on the horizon.
-- Protect those often described as "Dreamers" -- young immigrants brought to the U.S. illegally by their parents -- and their families by reinstating DACA, the Obama-era policy defending them from deportation.
Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said in March his agency was issuing a rule to "preserve and fortify DACA," but the policy faces a Texas court challenge that could invalidate protections for those often described as "dreamers."
-- Ensure that personnel within Immigration and Customs Enforcement and within Customs and Border Protection abide by professional standards and are held accountable for inhumane treatment.
Biden included funding for training and investigating misconduct in his immigration bill and in the budget he proposed to Congress. His administration has faced questions about allegations of abuse in at least one Texas facility, which are being investigated.
-- End prolonged migrant detention and invest in a case-management system to process people.
There's been no announcement of added investments in case-management systems. The administration did roll out plans to release parents and children within 72 hours of their arrival in the United States in March. Officials subsequently acknowledged that hundreds of children have been held by Border Patrol for much longer, due to an increase in unaccompanied minors arriving at the border and a lack of facilities to house them.
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DOMESTIC POLICY
-- Reverse transgender military ban.
Done.
-- Establish police oversight board.
Abandoned. The Biden administration said it was scrapping the idea, after consultations with civil rights groups and police unions that said it would be counterproductive.
-- Direct attorney general to deliver a list of recommendations for restructuring the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives and other Justice Department agencies to better enforce gun laws.
Not yet.
-- Direct FBI to issue report on delays in background checks for gun purchases.
Not yet.
-- Reauthorize Violence Against Women Act
Requires congressional action.
-- Sign Equality Act
Requires congressional action.
-- Create Cabinet-level working group focused on promoting union organizing tasked with delivering a plan to increase union density and address economic inequality.
Not yet.
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COVID-19
-- Rejoin World Health Organization.
Done.
-- Ensure 100 million vaccines have been administered before the end of his first 100 days, later increased to 200 million.
Done.
-- Increase access to testing and establish pandemic testing board.
Done.
-- Issue mask mandate on federal property and ask Americans to wear masks for 100 days.
Done.
-- Extend nationwide restrictions on home evictions and foreclosures.
Done.
-- Continue to pause student loan payments.
Done.
-- Safely reopen a majority of K-8 schools.
According to data collected by Burbio, a school-tracking site, as of April 18 62% of schools offered in-person learning every day. It's unclear what percentage of those schools are elementary schools.
-- Push for passage of US$1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief legislative package.
Done. The bill passed in March.
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CLIMATE
-- Rescind Keystone XL oil pipeline permit, protect the Arctic National Wildlife Reserve, rejoin the Paris climate agreement and embrace the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol to reduce harmful hydrofluorocarbons, or HFC's.
Done.
-- Convene climate world summit and persuade nations to set more ambitious emissions pledges.
Done.
-- Ban new oil and gas leases on federal lands and offshore waters.
Sort of. He's imposed an indefinite moratorium on new oil and gas leases on federal lands and waters.
-- Reverse Trump rollbacks on 100 public health and environmental rules.
In progress. Biden signed an executive order on Inauguration Day ordering a review of Trump-era rules on the environment, public health and science, and has begun the process of rolling back some.
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ECONOMY
-- Roll back Trump's 2017 cuts to corporate tax rates.
In progress. Biden has proposed raising the corporate tax rate to 28% from the 21% rate set by Trump's 2017 overhaul of the tax code.
-- Provide $2,000 in direct payments as part of COVID-19 relief.
Done. The aid package approved right before Biden became president offered $600 in direct payments to eligible Americans. Biden said the payment should have been $2,000. His $1.9 trillion relief package included $1,400 in additional direct payments, which with the prior round adds up to $2,000.
-- Pause federal student debt payments.
Done.
-- Order a review of U.S. supply chains.
Done.
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FOREIGN POLICY
-- "End the forever wars in Afghanistan and the Middle East" and terminate U.S. involvement in the Yemen civil war.
In progress. Biden announced that the American troop withdrawal from Afghanistan would begin by May 1 and the redeployment would be done no later than Sept. 11. Biden announced he was ending American support for the five-year Saudi Arabia-led military offensive in Yemen.
-- Put human rights at the centre of foreign policy.
Mixed. Biden has directly raised concerns with Chinese President Xi Jinping on Hong Kong, human rights abuses against Uyghur and ethnic minorities in the western Xinjiang province, and its actions toward Taiwan. He's repeatedly raised concerns about the jailing and treatment of Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny. But Biden declined to hold Saudi Arabia's crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, directly responsible for the killing of U.S.-based journalist Jamal Khashoggi even after the publication of U.S. intelligence showing Salman approved of the hit.
-- Improving relations with allies who had rocky relations with Trump.
Mostly accomplished. Allies like Canada's Justin Trudeau and Germany's Angela Merkel, who had stormy relationships with Trump, have praised Biden for his efforts reclaim U.S. leadership on climate issues, and leaders in the Indo-Pacific have been pleased by early efforts at co-ordination on China policy.
-- Reversing the embrace of "dictators and tyrants like Putin and Kim Jong Un."
Mostly accomplished. Biden has levied two rounds of sanctions against the Russians. His administration decided to be measured in its approach with Putin and has said that he's interested in finding areas where the U.S. and Russia can find common ground. Biden's team acknowledges they have sought to reengage with North Korea, but have been rebuffed.
-- Quickly rejoin the nuclear deal with Iran so long as Tehran comes back into compliance.
Mixed. Indirect talks are under way among other signatories of the 2015 deal, including British, German, French, Chinese and Russian officials, with American officials down the hall. But the path forward is less than certain as Tehran has thus far refused to come into compliance with the old deal without sanctions relief and it recently began enriching uranium to its highest purity ever.
-- Recognize First World War-era atrocities against Armenians as genocide.
Completed. As a candidate, Biden said, if elected, he'd make it U.S. policy to recognize the killings and mass deportations by Ottoman Empire forces of hundreds of thousands of Armenians more than a century ago -- something past presidents have avoided doing out of concern of angering strategic ally Turkey. Biden followed through on the promise on the annual commemoration Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day. Turkey swiftly condemned the move.
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Associated Press writer Josh Boak contributed to this report
