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Ex-rebel wins runoff to be Colombia's 1st leftist president

Former rebel Gustavo Petro and his wife Veronica Alcocer celebrate before supporters after winning a runoff presidential election in Bogota, Colombia, Sunday, June 19, 2022. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara) Former rebel Gustavo Petro and his wife Veronica Alcocer celebrate before supporters after winning a runoff presidential election in Bogota, Colombia, Sunday, June 19, 2022. (AP Photo/Fernando Vergara)
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BOGOTA, Colombia -

Colombia will be governed by a leftist president for the first time after former rebel Gustavo Petro narrowly defeated a real estate millionaire in a runoff election that underscored people鈥檚 disgust with the country鈥檚 traditional politicians.

Petro鈥檚 third attempt to win the presidency earned him 50.48 per cent of the votes Sunday, while political outsider Rodolfo Hern谩ndez got 47.26 per cent, according to results released by election authorities.

The election came as Colombians struggle with rising inequality, inflation and violence 鈥 factors that led voters in the election鈥檚 first round last month to punish long-governing centrist and right-leaning politicians and pick two outsiders for the runoff contest.

Petro鈥檚 win in Latin America鈥檚 third most populous nation was more than a defeat of Hern谩ndez. It puts an end to Colombia鈥檚 long stigmatization of the left for its perceived association with the country's half century of armed conflict. The president-elect was once a rebel with the now-defunct M-19 movement and was granted amnesty after being jailed for his involvement with the group.

Petro issued a call for unity during his victory speech Sunday night and extended an olive branch to some of his harshest critics, saying all members of the opposition will be welcomed at the presidential palace 鈥渢o discuss the problems of Colombia.鈥

鈥淔rom this government that is beginning there will never be political persecution or legal persecution, there will only be respect and dialogue,鈥 he said, adding that he will listen to those who have raised arms as well as to 鈥渢hat silent majority of peasants, Indigenous people, women, youth.鈥

The vote is also resuling in Colombia having a Black woman as vice president for the first time. Petro鈥檚 running mate, Francia M谩rquez, 40, is a lawyer and environmental leader whose opposition to illegal mining resulted in threats and a grenade attack in 2019.

Hern谩ndez, whose campaign was based on an anti-corruption fight, conceded his defeat shortly after results were announced.

鈥淚 accept the result, as it should be, if we want our institutions to be firm,鈥 he said in a video on social media. 鈥淚 sincerely hope that this decision is beneficial for everyone.鈥

Petro鈥檚 showing was the latest leftist political victory in Latin America fuelled by voters鈥 desire for change. Chile, Peru and Honduras elected leftist presidents in 2021, and in Brazil former President Luiz In谩cio Lula da Silva is leading the polls for this year鈥檚 presidential election.

But the results were an immediate reason to fret for some voters whose closest reference to a leftist government is the troubled neighbouring Venezuela.

鈥淲e hope that Mr. Gustavo Petro complies with what was said in his government plan, that he leads this country to greatness, which we need so much, and that (he) ends corruption,鈥 said Karin Ardila Garc铆a, a Hern谩ndez supporter in the north-central city of Bucaramanga. 鈥淭hat he does not lead to communism, to socialism, to a war where they continue to kill us in Colombia. ... (H)e does not lead us to another Venezuela, Cuba, Argentina, Chile.鈥

About 21.6 million of the 39 million eligible voters cast a ballot Sunday. Abstentionism has been above 40 per cent in every presidential election since 1990.

Petro, 62, will be officially declared winner after a formal count that will take a few days. Historically, the preliminary results have coincided with the final ones.

Several heads of state congratulated Petro on Sunday. So did a fierce critic, former President 脕lvaro Uribe, who remains a central figure in Colombia鈥檚 politics.

Polls ahead of the runoff had indicated Petro and Hern谩ndez 鈥 both former mayors 鈥 were in a tight race since they topped four other candidates in the initial May 29 election. Neither got enough votes to win outright and headed into the runoff.

Petro won 40 per cent of the votes in the initial round and Hern谩ndez 28 per cent, but the difference quickly narrowed as Hern谩ndez began to attract so-called anti-Petrista voters.

Petro has proposed ambitious pension, tax, health and agricultural reforms and changes to how Colombia fights drug cartels and other armed groups. But he will have a tough time delivering on his promises as he does not have a majority in Congress, which is key to carrying out reforms.

鈥淭he people who do support him have very high hopes, and they are probably going to be disappointed pretty quickly when he can鈥檛 move things right away,鈥 said Adam Isacson, an expert on Colombia at the Washington Office on Latin America think tank.

鈥淚 think you might find a situation where he either has to strike some deals and give up a lot of his programs just to get some things passed or the whole country could be gridlocked,鈥 Isacson added.

Petro is willing to resume diplomatic relations with Venezuela, which were halted in 2019. He also wants to make changes to Colombia鈥檚 relations with the U.S. by seeking a renegotiation of a free trade agreement and new ways to fight drug trafficking.

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement that the Biden administration looks forward to working with Petro.

Polls say most Colombians believe the country is heading in the wrong direction and disapprove of President Iv谩n Duque, who was not eligible to seek reelection. The pandemic set back the country鈥檚 anti-poverty efforts by at least a decade. Official figures show that 39 per cent of Colombia鈥檚 lived on less than US$89 a month last year.

The rejection of politics as usual 鈥渋s a reflection of the fact that the people are fed up with the same people as always,鈥 said Nataly Amezquita, a 26-year-old civil engineer waiting to vote. 鈥淲e have to create greater social change. Many people in the country aren鈥檛 in the best condition.鈥

But even the two outsider candidates left her cold. She said she would cast a blank ballot: 鈥淚 don鈥檛 like either of the two candidates. ... Neither of them seems like a good person to me.鈥

___

Garcia Cano reported from Caracas, Venezuela.

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