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WASHINGTON -- The director of the Secret Service resigned Tuesday in the aftermath of the assassination attempt against former U.S. president that unleashed an outcry about how the agency failed in its core mission to protect current and former presidents.

Kimberly Cheatle, who had served as Secret Service director since August 2022, faced growing calls to resign and several investigations into how a gunman was able to get so close to the Republican presidential nominee at an outdoor campaign rally in Pennsylvania.

鈥淚 take full responsibility for the security lapse,鈥� she said in an email to staff obtained by The Associated Press. 鈥淚n light of recent events, it is with a heavy heart that I have made the difficult decision to step down as your director.鈥�

Cheatle鈥檚 departure was unlikely to end the scrutiny of the long-troubled agency after the failures of July 13, and it comes at a critical juncture ahead of the Democratic National Convention and a busy presidential campaign season. Lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have promised more investigations, along with an inspector general probe and an independent and bipartisan effort launched at President Joe Biden鈥檚 behest that will keep the agency in the spotlight.

Cheatle鈥檚 resignation came a day after she appeared before a congressional committee and was berated for hours by both Democrats and Republicans for the security failures. She called the attempt on Trump鈥檚 life the Secret Service鈥檚 鈥渕ost significant operational failure鈥� in decades, but she angered lawmakers by failing to answer specific questions about the investigation.

Biden said in a statement that 鈥渨hat happened that day can never happen again,鈥� and he said he would appoint a new director soon, but he did not discuss a timeline.

The president said he was grateful to Cheatle for her decades of public service. 鈥淲e especially thank her for answering the call to lead the Secret Service during our administration, and we are grateful for her service to our family,鈥� Biden said.

Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas appointed Deputy Director Ronald Rowe as acting director. He has worked for the Secret Service for 23 years.

Congressional questioning

At the hearing Monday, Cheatle remained defiant that she was the 鈥渞ight person鈥� to lead the Secret Service, even as she said she took responsibility for the security failures. When Republican Rep. Nancy Mace suggested Cheatle begin drafting her resignation letter from the hearing room, Cheatle responded, 鈥淣o, thank you.鈥�

The 20-year-old shooter, Thomas Matthew Crooks, was able to get within 135 metres (157 yards) of the stage where the former president was speaking when he opened fire. That鈥檚 despite a threat on Trump鈥檚 life from Iran leading to additional security for the former president in the days before the rally.

Cheatle acknowledged Monday that the Secret Service was told about a suspicious person two to five times before the rally shooting. She also revealed that the roof from which Crooks opened fire had been identified as a potential vulnerability days earlier. But she failed to answer many questions about what happened, including why there were no agents on the roof.

A bloodied Trump was quickly escorted off the stage by Secret Service agents, and agency snipers killed the shooter. Trump said part of his right ear was pierced in the shooting. One rallygoer was killed, and two others were critically wounded.

Details continue to unfold about signs of trouble that day and what role the Secret Service and local authorities played in security. The agency routinely relies on local law enforcement to secure the perimeter of events where people it's protecting appear. Former top Secret Service agents said the gunman should never have been allowed to gain access to the roof.

After news of Cheatle鈥檚 resignation broke, Trump posted on his social media network saying: 鈥淭he Biden/Harris Administration did not properly protect me, and I was forced to take a bullet for Democracy. IT WAS MY GREAT HONOR TO DO SO!鈥�

The House Homeland Security Committee had asked Cheatle to testify Tuesday for another hearing on the assassination attempt but lawmakers said she refused. Cheatle鈥檚 name was on a card on a table in front of an empty chair during the hearing, which began shortly before her decision to step down became public.

Investigating an ever-growing number of threats

Mayorkas said he was proud to have worked with Cheatle and "we are all grateful for her service.鈥�

The Secret Service is a part of the Department of Homeland Security, which includes immigration, transportation security and the U.S. Coast Guard. The department was formed after the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.

Just a few years ago, there was a movement to shift the agency back over to the Treasury Department, where it was housed before Sept. 11, particularly because Homeland Security's intense focus on immigration added to the growing divide between what the Secret Service sees as its dual missions 鈥� protecting the president and investigating financial crime 鈥� and the mission of its parent department.

Roughly half of the Secret Service鈥檚 US$3 billion budget is spent on protective services. It also has a robust cybercrime division, state-of-the-art forensic labs and a threat-assessment center that studies how to mitigate and train against threats.

With a workforce of 7,800 special agents, uniformed officers and other staff, the Secret Service has investigated an ever-increasing number of threats against the president and other officials under its protection. It has also managed a growing number of high-profile government figures asking for support. Staffing has not kept pace with the workload increase. Around Sept. 11 there were about 15 full-time protectees. That number has now more than doubled.

Trump is the first modern ex-president to seek another term, and because of his high visibility, his protective detail has always been larger than some of his peers. That protective bubble had only grown tighter in recent months as he became the presumptive Republican presidential nominee. All major party nominees are granted enhanced details with counterassault and countersniper teams similar to the president.

Calls for accountability

There were calls for accountability across the political spectrum, with congressional committees immediately moving to investigate and issuing subpoenas and the top Republican leaders from both the House and the Senate saying Cheatle should step down.

Biden, a Democrat, ordered an independent review into security at the rally, and the Secret Service鈥檚 inspector general opened an investigation. The agency is also reviewing its countersniper team鈥檚 鈥減reparedness and operations.鈥�

On Tuesday, House Speaker Mike Johnson, a Republican, said Cheatle's resignation was 鈥渙verdue.鈥�

鈥淚鈥檓 happy to see that she has heeded the call of both Republicans and Democrats,鈥� he said. 鈥淣ow we have to pick up the pieces. We have to rebuild the American people鈥檚 faith and trust in the Secret Service as an agency.鈥�

Sens. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, and Catherine Cortez Masto, D-Nev., introduced legislation Tuesday to require Senate confirmation of future Secret Service directors.

She took over amid a controversy over missing text messages from around the time thousands of Trump supporters stormed the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, following his 2020 election loss to Biden.

During her time in the agency, Cheatle was the first woman to be named assistant director of protective operations, the division that provides protection to the president and other dignitaries, where she oversaw a US$133.5 million budget. She is the second woman to lead the agency.

When Biden announced Cheatle's appointment, he said she had served on his detail when he was vice president and he and his wife 鈥渃ame to trust her judgment and counsel.鈥�

Associated Press writers Rebecca Santana, Zeke Miller and Alanna Durkin Richer in Washington and Michelle Price in New York contributed to this report.