It鈥檚 no surprise that gun control is an election issue or that it is among the most divisive debates underway in Canada.
As expected, Justin Trudeau鈥檚 Liberals announced a plan last week to ban 鈥渁ll military-style assault rifles, including the AR-15鈥 and to give the power to municipalities to ban handguns.
That prompted prominent gun rights advocate Nicolas Johnson, who operates , to write a post Sept. 20 that led with: 鈥淛ustin Trudeau promised the biggest instant gun bans against hunters, farmers and sport shooters in Canadian history if he is re-elected prime minister.鈥
In a tweet a few days later, : 鈥淭rudeau isn鈥檛 banning assault rifles. He is confiscating hunting and sporting rifles from hundreds of thousands of federally licensed men and women who obey the law, no matter how unjust or immoral. Criminal gangs and terrorists will keep their assault rifles.鈥
That鈥檚 sure to get the attention of gun owners, but it鈥檚 not accurate, at least not based on what the Liberals have revealed in their campaign promise, says history professor Blake Brown.
鈥淚t鈥檚 meant to be inflammatory and meant to encourage people to get involved in the election. The goal is create a unified front among gun owners,鈥 he told CTVNews.ca in a phone interview.
Brown is the author of 鈥淎rming and Disarming: A History of Gun Control in Canada鈥 and teaches at Saint Mary鈥檚 University in Halifax.
First of all, the Liberals have not identified what weapons are in the Liberal crosshairs, so it鈥檚 impossible to know how many guns or gun owners would be affected, says Brown.
鈥淏ut I think it鈥檚 fair to say it鈥檚 probably not going to affect many farmers or hunters. It could affect some sports shooters who would then have to shoot something with a different loading mechanism,鈥 he said.
In an emailed response to CTVNews.ca, Liberal spokesperson Carlene Variyan said the party would protect the rights of 鈥渓aw-abiding hunters and others鈥 and pledged not to bring back the long-gun registry.
鈥淗unters do not use or need assault weapons,鈥 she wrote.
It鈥檚 also inaccurate to say the ban would be 鈥渋nstant," Brown said.
鈥淕un control legislation takes a very long time. There will be lots of push back from the opposition and the public, so in no way would this be instant.鈥
The Toronto-based Johnson claims to be: 鈥淐anada鈥檚 leading media covering gun culture, gun rights, gun politics, gun policy and the firearm industry.鈥
He says he is 鈥渋ndependent and unaffiliated,鈥 and is frequently called upon by news media for his thoughts. Johnson鈥檚 post about the Liberal gun promise has been shared a few thousand times on social media, including by members of gun advocacy groups, yellow vesters and other far right organizations, and at least one candidate of the People鈥檚 Party of Canada.
Brown said the Liberals could grandfather some users for semi-automatic rifles that are newly banned, which would lower the cost of a buyback program in which Trudeau has promised to offer fair market value for assault rifles purchased legally.
However, when asked about the possibility of grandfathering, the Liberal spokesperson said: 鈥淥ur proposal is to ban military-style assault rifles.鈥
In terms of when the Liberals plan to specify which semi-automatic weapons will be banned, Variyan wrote that a re-elected Liberal government would allow the 鈥渆xpert, non-partisan Canadian Firearms Program under the RCMP to determine classifications.鈥
While the Liberal campaign calls it a buyback, gun rights advocates call it confiscation. But Brown says, theoretically, the government could ban a category of weapon and then take them from owners without compensation.
鈥淥f course, a buyback is more palatable.鈥
The Liberal spokesperson said further details regarding the cost of the buyback program will be released over the course of the campaign.
Finally, it鈥檚 simply not known how many municipalities would enact a handgun ban if empowered to do so by the federal government. Some big-city politicians, including Toronto Mayor John Tory and Vancouver Mayor Kennedy Stewart, have called for a ban, but it鈥檚 not clear how widespread that sentiment is across the nation.
It is, to the best of Brown鈥檚 knowledge, the first time a federal government has proposed handing over responsibility for regulating a category of guns to municipalities.
But critics say banning handguns will have little effect on gun crime. The Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police are not supportive of a handgun ban, arguing most handguns used in crimes are already illegal, and a ban on something already prohibited makes no sense.
According to the RCMP, there were 2.1 million licensed gun owners in 2017 and 907,362 restricted and 183,068 prohibited firearms registered to individuals or businesses. The number of restricted guns grew 37 per cent from 659,387 in 2013, while prohibited firearms fell 3 per cent from 188,552 in the same year.
The AR-15 gets a lot of public attention because it鈥檚 been used in a number of mass shootings, including those in Orlando, Las Vegas, Parkland, Fla., and Newtown, Conn., but it is only one among a group of firearms called semi-automatic rifles that fire once each time the trigger is pulled. Manual action firearms require that shooters use a mechanism to reload after each discharge. Fully automatic guns, long prohibited in Canada, will continue to fire as long as a trigger is pulled.
It was shooters using semi-automatic rifles who killed 14 women at Ecole Polytechnique in Montreal in 1989 and 50 people in Christchurch, New Zealand in March.
In Canada, some semi-automatic firearms are non-restricted, meaning they can be used for hunting and only require a basic gun licence. Other semi-automatics, like many varieties of the AR-15, are restricted, meaning they must be registered. Owners must hold a more restrictive licence and be authorized to transport their firearms.
Brown contends that many semi-automatics that are based on military gun designs are now marketed as sporting rifles and have become popular among sport shooters and hunters.
Canada鈥檚 chiefs of police began arguing for all semi-automatics to be classified as restricted weapons since 1977, calling them 鈥渋nstruments of war鈥 that have 鈥渘o sporting use.鈥 Several times since, the CACP have warned about their proliferation and urged a ban.
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